Banteng Bos javanicus (d’Alton, 1823)
English: Banteng or Tsaine; French: Banteng; Bahasa Java: Banteng; Bahasa Sunda: Banteng; Burmese: Tsaine, Hsaine; Indonesian: Banteng, sapi hutan; Malay: Sapi-utan; Thai: Wua Daeng.
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Former distribution: Manipur in Assam to Burma, Thailand, Malaysia, Laos, Kampuchea and Vietnam; Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Bali.
Present distribution: Burma, Thailand, western Malaysia, Laos, Kampuchea, Thailand, in Borneo in western Sabah and Kalimantan, Java and Bali. Introduced 1845 into Australia.
Behaviour: See Gaur
Population status: Vulnerable. Estimated numbers: on the mainland a few thousands, Borneo 60; Java 950.
Brief notes:
Body weight: 600-800 kg
Head and body length: 190-225 cm
Tail length: 65-85 cm
Shoulder height: 150-180 cm
Gestation period: 285 days
Maximum age: No records
Trophy: Record SCI: 88 5/8 score, 1958 Vietnam, GEORGE W. PARKER; average 60 score. Bos j. javanicus: 75 4/8 score, 1984 Australia, L. IRVIN BARNHART; average 50 score. RW’s: Bos j. birmanicus: 43", 1929 Burma, Col. E.C. WALKER; average 24". Bos j. javanicus: 35", 1982 Australia, T.M. HUNT. CIC: 208.66 points, Kampuchea, F. EDMOND-BLANC; average 300 points.
Hunting methods: Formerly stalking, with beaters; now protected by law.
Subspecies: 3
1. Bos j. birmanicus Eastern Assam, Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Kampuchea, Vietnam, Malaysia. Estimated numbers: A few thousand. Rare.
2. Bos j. javanicus Java and Bali. Estimated numbers: 950. Rare.
3. Bos j. lowi Borneo. Estimated numbers: 60. Endangered.
Remarks: Threats to survival are increasing due to human population, uncontrolled hunting, loss of habitat, military operations and interbreeding with domestic cattle. Parks and reserves provide the only chance of survival. The Bali population is probably interbred with domestic cattle. More information required on population status and distribution. About 200 animals are kept in zoological gardens worldwide.
Bilder:
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