Pampashirsch Ozotoceros bezoarticus (Linné, 1758)
English: Pampas Deer; French: Cerf des Pampas; Brazil: Venado Campeire, Veado branco; Guarani: guazu-virá; Mapuchi: Chuli, Chruli; Spanish: Ciervo de la Pampa, venadillo de campo.
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Former distribution: Eastern and central Brazil to Uruguay, south-eastern and eastern Bolivia, Paraguay and central Argentina.
Present distribution: In restricted areas of eastern and central Brazil, south-eastern and eastern Bolivia, southern Paraguay and some restricted regions in Uruguay and north- eastern Argentina.
Population status: Declining everywhere; highly endangered in Argentina, 270 specimens only.
Behaviour: Preferred habitat: wooded grassland and the "Pampas", with scrub and some tall trees on higher ground. During the winter they live singly or in pairs, during the spring they form small herds of up to a dozen or more; activity is nocturnal or in the early morning. The bucks live alone outside the rutting season. Predators include dogs and maned wolves.
Population status: Probably stable or vulnerable in Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and Bolivia. Endangered in Argentina.
Brief notes:
Body weight: 60-80 kg
Head and body length: 100-175 cm
Tail length: 20 cm
Shoulder height: 60-75 cm
Gestation period: 6-7 months
Maximum age: 12 years
Trophy: Record SCI: 63 3/8 score; average 40 score.
Hunting methods: Stalking, on horseback, driven.
Remarks: It is feared that - due to loss of habitat to agriculture and livestock, disease and over-hunting, as well grass fires - the existing populations are steadily declining. Conservation measures must be enforced in all countries concerned.
Subspecies: 3
1. Brasilian Pampas Deer Ozotoceros b. bezoarticus
Central Brazil south to Uruguay. Stable in central Brazil. Vulnerable.
2. Chaco Pampas Deer Ozotoceros b. leucogaster
Chaco regions in Brazil, north-western Paraguay, and north- western Argentina, eastern Bolivia? Vulnerable, in parts stable.
3. Argentinian Pampas Deer Ozotoceros b. celer
Eastern Uruguay; on the coastal area in Argentina, Province Buenos Aires, and in the south-eastern part of the province of San Luis. Endangered. Bay of Samboronbom: 20-40; Estancia La Corona: 20; Punta Medanos: 8; Province San Luis: 100-200.
Remarks: Commercial hunting at the end of the 19th century indicates a population of nearly 2 000 000. Pampas Deer hides were exported in enormous quantities (1880: 61 401, J.E. JACKSON 1978).
Bilder:
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